9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Web development comes with a huge set of rules and techniques every website developer should know about. If you want a website to look and function as you wish them to, you need to get familiar with web technologies that will help you achieve your goal.

Developing an app or a website, even something simple as a bakery website typically comes down to knowing 3 main languages: JavaScript, CSS, and HTML. And while it sounds quite complicated, once you know what you are doing, understanding web technology and the way it works becomes significantly easier.

If you’re seeking to enhance your knowledge and skills in web development, enrolling in a web developer course can provide you with structured learning and in-depth insights into essential concepts, programming languages, and frameworks used in the field.

Fret not if it is not coming easily to you immediately. You may need more time, training, and patience to dive deeper into the subject, but you’ll end up with a good understanding eventually. You can even consider YouTube to be a valuable resource. After you’ve learned, you’ll be able to effectively share your knowledge there. In the beginning, you can consider using strategies such as buy YouTube subscribers to reach a larger audience and ensure your insights are not overlooked.

We present you with an introduction to web technologies and the latest web technologies list hoping it will make things at least a bit easier for you. Now, let’s take a look.

What Does Web Technology Mean?

You have probably heard the term “web development technologies” before, but did you ever think about what it actually means?

Since computers can’t communicate with each other the way people do, they require codes instead. Web technologies are the markup languages such as HTML, XML, and XHTML and multimedia packages computers use to communicate.

1. Browsers

Browsers request information and then they show us in the way we can understand. Think of them as the interpreters of the web. Here are the most popular ones:

Google Chrome – Currently, the most popular browser brought to you by Google

Safari – Apple’s web browser

Firefox – Open-source browser supported by the Mozilla Foundation

Internet Explorer – Microsoft’s browser

2. HTML & CSS

HTML is one of the first you should learn. Thanks to HTML, the web browsers know what to show once they receive the request. If you want to better understand how HTML works, you also need to know what CSS is.

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets and it describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on the screen. If you browse enough tutorials, you’ll soon create CSS text effects, page transitions, image hover effects, and more. 

3. Web Development Frameworks

Web development frameworks are a starting point of items that a developer can use to avoid doing the simple or mundane tasks, and instead get right to work.

Angular

angular_1-1 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Angular is one of the latest web technologies designed specifically for developing dynamic web applications. With this framework, you can easily create front-end based applications without needing to use other frameworks or plugins.

The features include well-made templates, MVC architecture, code generation, code splitting etc. All the expressions are like code snippets that enclosed within curly braces and do not use any loops or conditional statements.

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Ruby on Rails

ruby_on_rails_a_web-application_framework_that_includes_everything_needed_to_create_database-backed_web_applications_accor-1 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Ruby on Rails is a server-side website technology that makes app development much easier and faster. The thing that really sets this framework apart is the reusability of the code as well as some other cool features that will help you get the job done in no time.

Popular websites written with Ruby include Basecamp, Ask.fm, GitHub, 500px, and many others.

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Meteor JS

build_apps_with_javascript_meteor_1 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Meteor JS is written in Node.js and it makes it possible for you to create real-time web applications for different platforms. The framework for creating simple websites for personal use really stands out with Meteor JS.

This is an open-source isomorphic JavaScript web framework which also means that the webpage loading time is significantly shorter. JavaScript stack also makes it possible to get the same results with fewer lines of code than usual.

Learn Meteor and create awesome web apps with this highly-rated courseRating: 4.7/5 (1,985 ratings) and 10,392 students.

Django

the_web_framework_for_perfectionists_with_deadlines_django 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Django is one of the most popular frameworks written in Python and follows MVC architecture. It makes the app development process much easier thanks to its simplicity. Django has been used to create online brochure makers, internal communications tools and more

Django simplifies using Python a lot and provides multiple tools that make a web app developer’s life easier – e.g. an ORM, Models, Django admin, templates, etc. 

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Laravel

laravel_-_the_php_framework_for_web_artisans-1 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Laravel is a PHP development framework ideal for small websites. It comes with a number of useful features including the MVC support, object-oriented libraries, Artisan, authorization technique, database migration, etc. Currently, it is one of the most community-supported and community-developed frameworks, and given that PHP has one of the largest communities out there, Laravel is a great tool powering both small websites and large-scale B2B portals managing millions of transactions daily.

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Express.js

express_-_node_js-framework_von_webanwendungen 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Developed in Node.js, Express.js is a web app development network that is great for those who need to develop apps and APIs as fast as possible. A lot of great features are provided with the help of plugins.

Zend

home_-_zend_framework_1 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Zend is an open-source framework based on PHP, focused on building more secure and reliable web apps and services. It is one of the first enterprise-level MVC frameworks, which came before the current superhits such as Laravel or Symfony, and many popular PHP engines such as Magento were built in Zend.

Today Zend is still under active development, and even though it may be less popular than its opensource siblings, it is a great solution for a large-scale PHP app.

YII

yii_php_framework 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Yii is an open-source web application development framework built in PHP5. It is performance-optimized and comes with a number of great tools for debugging and app testing. Another plus is that it is pretty simple and easy to use.

4. Programming Languages

As we explained before, since computers don’t use languages that are anything like human languages, they need a different way to communicate. Here are some of the most popular programming languages:

Javascript – used by all web browsers, Meteor, and lots of other frameworks

CoffeeScript – a “dialect” of JavaScript. It is viewed as simpler but it converts back into JavaScript

Python – used by the Django framework as well as in the majority of mathematical calculations

Ruby – used by the Ruby on Rails framework

PHP – used by WordPress to create those WYSIWYG editors that everyone is using now. It’s also used by Facebook, Wikipedia, and other major sites

Go – newer language, built for speed

Swift – Apple’s newest programming language

Java – used by Android and a lot of desktop applications.

So let’s talk about the most popular ones in a bit more detail.

JavaScript

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According to StackOverflow’s annual survey, JavaScript is the most popular programming language with 62.5% of respondents claiming to use it.

 

Ruby

ruby_programming_language 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

The developers love Ruby – and for all the right reasons. Designed to be user-friendly and really easy to use, it’s no wonder that this programming language is often called “a programmer’s best friend.”

What you can expect from Ruby is a shorter, readable code. Unfortunately, that sometimes means lower efficiency compared to other programming languages – but it also means higher productivity.

If you are a beginner in the web development world, Ruby would be a great choice for the first programming language to learn. A well-written Ruby code can be almost as readable as the sentence in plain English language.

But the real reason most people use Ruby is its popular framework — Ruby on Rails which we mentioned earlier in the text. The great productivity achieved with Rails makes it a common choice for startups who aim for a running start.

Elixir

elixir 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Elixir appeared back in 2011 and gained popularity almost immediately. It was inspired by Erlang, a language developed back in the ‘80s by Ericsson. Elixir’s author José Valim himself said that he loved Erlang, but also noticed some things that could use a bit of improvement.

Scala

the_scala_programming_language-1 9 Web Technologies Every Web Developer Must Know

Scala stands for Scalable Language, and is one of the many attempts to “rewrite Java” and it is compiled to run on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). It is safe to say this programming language turned out to be quite a success taking into consideration that companies like LinkedIn, Twitter, and The Guardian use it in their codebases. Scala is known to be a complex language but also a language worth learning.

5. Protocols

The instructions for how to pass information back and forth between computers and devices are commonly known as protocols.

HTTP

Thanks to this protocol, each website can get to the browser. The protocol requests the website from Google’s server and then receives a response with the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript of the website.

DDP

Uses WebSockets to create a consistent connection between the client and the server. As a result of that, you get website updates in real-time without having to refresh the browser.

REST

Used mostly for API’s, this protocol has standard methods like GET, POST, and PUT that let information be exchanged between applications.

6. API

An API (Application Programming Interface) allows other developers to use some of the app’s functionality without sharing the code.

The endpoints are exposed by the developers while the API can control access with an API key. Examples of well-made APIs are those created by Facebook, Twitter, and Google for their web services.

7. Data formats

Data is stored in a structure called a data format.

JSON – JavaScript Object Notation is a syntax for storing and exchanging data (just like XML). It is currently becoming the most popular data format out there.

XML – Predominantly used by Microsoft systems, it used to be the most popular data format

CSV – is data formatted by commas; for example Excel data

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8. Client (or Client-side)

Each user of an application is called a client. Clients can be computers, mobile devices, tablets etc. Usually, multiple clients are interacting with the same app stored on a server.

9. Server (or Server-side)

The application code is usually stored on the server. The clients make requests to the servers. The servers then respond to those requests after gathering the requested information.

FAQs about web technologies

1. What is HTML and what is its role in web development?

A markup language called HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is used to create online pages and apps. It gives the material on a webpage a structure, including headings, paragraphs, graphics, and links.

The building blocks of the internet are HTML, which is crucial for producing and displaying web content. When used in conjunction with other web technologies like CSS and JavaScript, HTML enables programmers to build not only dynamic, rich web applications that deliver interesting user interfaces, but also find workarounds to some limitations such as sending emails from HTML forms.

2. What is CSS and how is it used in web design?

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a language for creating stylesheets that describe how HTML or XML documents should be displayed. It enables developers to construct more intricate and aesthetically pleasing web layouts by separating the structural design of a web page from its visual design.

Being able to alter the appearance of text, colors, backgrounds, borders, and other visual elements makes CSS a powerful tool for developing web pages that are both aesthetically pleasing and useful.

3. What is JavaScript and how is it used in web development?

Web applications can be made dynamic and interactive using the programming language JavaScript. It is mostly employed to add interactivity to web pages and produce web-based programs that react to user input. JavaScript is useful for many things, including multimedia effects, animations, and form validation. It is a crucial component of contemporary web development and a potent tool for producing captivating user experiences.

4. What is a responsive design and why is it important?

A web design technique called responsive design makes sure that a website can adjust to the size of the screen it is being seen on. This implies that a website will work and appear excellent across all platforms, including desktops and mobile devices.

An adaptable design is essential for ensuring a website’s usability and accessibility given the proliferation of mobile devices.

Also, a responsive website offers a better user experience because it requires less zooming and scrolling for users to access the content.

5. What is a web framework and how does it make web development easier?

A software framework called a web framework offers a standardized method for creating and deploying web applications. It often comes with a collection of best practices, frameworks, and tools that facilitate the creation, testing, and upkeep of online applications.

With the help of web frameworks, developers may concentrate on creating high-level features and functionality by abstracting away many of the low-level aspects of web development.

Ruby on Rails, Django, and React are a few well-known web frameworks.

6. What is a content management system (CMS) and what are some popular examples?

Users can develop, manage, and publish digital material, such as websites, blogs, and online stores, using a content management system (CMS), which is a software program.

A CMS often has an intuitive user interface, web page design templates, and tools for managing content like text and photos. WordPress, Drupal, and Joomla are a few of the well-known CMS platforms.

7. What is a web server and how does it work?

A web server is a piece of software that uses the internet to send customers web pages and other content.

A web page is requested by a user, and the web server responds by processing the request, retrieving the necessary information from a database or file system, and sending it back to the client as an HTTP response.

Several programming languages and web technologies, like PHP, Ruby, and Python, can be supported by web servers.

8. What is the difference between client-side and server-side scripting?

Client-side scripting describes the execution of code, often in the form of JavaScript, within a user’s web browser. A web page can be made more interactive by using client-side scripts to change the DOM, validate form data, and add interaction.

On the other hand, server-side scripting describes the use of code that is run on a web server before being delivered to the client. For processing form data, gaining access to databases, and producing dynamic content, server-side scripts are frequently employed.

While server-side scripting is more secure and capable of handling more sophisticated processes, client-side scripting is quicker and more responsive.

9. What are some common web development tools and software?

Web developers have access to a wide range of software and tools, including text editors, web servers, IDEs, and version control programs.

Visual Studio Code and Sublime Text are a few well-liked text editors. Code completion and debugging are among the extra features offered by IDEs like Eclipse, NetBeans, and IntelliJ IDEA.

Online content is hosted and served via web servers like Apache, Nginx, and IIS. The management of source code changes is done using version control tools like Git and SVN.

10. What is web hosting and how do I choose the right provider?

By the use of web hosting, people and organizations can make their websites available online.

Shared hosting, virtual private servers (VPS), and dedicated hosting servers are among the hosting plans that web hosting companies commonly offer. Considerations for selecting a web hosting company should include uptime, performance, support, and security.

Additionally, it’s important to understand the differences between WordPress hosting vs traditional hosting when selecting a hosting provider, it’s important to evaluate whether your website requires the specialized features of WordPress hosting or if traditional hosting will suffice.

Also, it’s critical to take into account the particular requirements of your website, such as bandwidth and storage needs, and select a hosting package that satisfies those requirements.

Ending thoughts on the latest web technologies

To stay up to date with the latest web technologies, one has to learn new things all the time. Web technologies are being improved and updated all the time and every web development team should take advantage of that whenever possible.

New web technologies change the entire web development life cycle and it can be hard sometimes to understand all of them in the right way. Luckily, with the right internet technology tutorial, you should be able to learn more about them in no time.

If you enjoyed reading this article on web technologies, you should check out this one about web application development

We also wrote about a few related subjects like web development trends and web application testing.

 

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